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Cyldon 13/2 semi-rotative valve stationary engine

c1946








Cyldon engines are not common and they are mostly interesting designs. This example, a 13/2, is interesting for a few reasons. Firstly, the overall layout, with the crankshaft, cylinder, boiler and burner all in line longitudinally, all mounted on a long thin aluminium base plate, which is, itself, mounted on a wooden base. Secondly, the burner is an unusual three wick design. Thirdly, and the most interesting aspect, is the semi-rotative valve gear. A return crank on the crankshaft is connected by a long rod to a rocking lever at the far end of the cylinder. This lever operates the valve inside the cylinder head.

The meths burner has three short wick tubes set into a cylindrical fuel tank. In working position, half of the tank sits under the boiler and the other half protrudes outside.

The boiler is a pretty standard design, very similar to early Mamod boilers in appearance. Its dimensions are 45mm dia x 110mm. The non-functional chimney and the lever type whistle also have a Mamod-esque look to them. The safety valve, however, is a distinctive shape. The boiler is attached to the firebox by means of a brass strap. I originally thought that there should have been two straps and one was missing. However, I have since seen an identical example of this model and it also has only one strap, so it looks likely that there only ever was one.

Steam feed is taken from the bottom of the boiler and out through a hole in the firebox directly to the valve chest housing the semi-rotative valve. This consists of a brass rod, cross drilled with two holes at right angles to each other, a small distance apart. The outside end of the rod has a crank, linked to a crank on the engine crankshaft, so that it rocks back and forth by about 90 degrees. This causes the two holes to alternately line up with the steam and exhaust passages.

The cylinder is a substantial brass casting. It is single acting but the end is almost closed giving it the appearance of a double acting type. The cylinder is fixed (not oscillating) but it contains a long piston, as found in oscillating cylinders. This means that it does not require a cross-head guide (although this would probably induce excessive wear in the cylinder bore if used a lot without good lubrication). There is a plugged hole directly above the valve which, I assume, is for oiling.

The end of the piston rod is connected to a built-up crank at the centre of the crankshaft. The crankshaft has the valve return crank at one end and a 50mm diameter flywheel at the other.

When purchased by me, the engine had been lovingly restored to an excellent condition by the previous owner. The restorer has even gone as far as painting the insides of the three wick tubes on the burner. I don't know if this is as per the original, but it probably won't last long in use! The wood base-board is, unfortunately, warped.

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